1. 1917 and after: Krysyn
Krysin (1968, pp. 67-68) offers two sources of specialized or professional words which had been borrowed into Russian before the revolution, but went into general use only after the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.
A |
agitatsiya |
internatsionalizm |
militarizm |
anneksiya |
kapitalizm |
militsiya | |
avtonomiya |
kategoriya |
miting | |
boikot |
koalitsiya |
nationalizm | |
burzhaziya |
komissar |
order | |
demonstratsiya |
komitet |
organizatsiya | |
delegat |
kommuna |
proletarii | |
demokratiya |
konferentsiya |
proletariat | |
deputat |
kontrrevolyutsioner |
respublika | |
dezertir |
kontributsiya |
revolyutsioner | |
ekspluatatsiya |
kupon |
revolyutsiya | |
federatsiya |
manifestatsiya |
sabotazh | |
imperializm |
mandat |
separatnyi | |
sotsializm |
|||
B |
agitatsiya |
internatsional |
partiya |
agrarhyi |
kampaniya |
preferiya | |
aktivnyi |
kvorum |
proklamatsiya | |
boikot |
kollektiv |
proletariat | |
anarkhizm |
komitet |
propoganda | |
anakharist |
konferentsiya |
raion region | |
burzhuaziya |
kooperatsiya |
revolyutsiya | |
byurokratiya |
mandat |
sabotazh | |
demokratiya |
marksizm |
shtreikbrekher | |
demonstratsiya |
miting |
sotsializm | |
direktivy |
natsionalizatsiya |
terror | |
diskussiya |
orator |
tsenter center | |
ekspropriatsiya |
organizatsiya |
||
emigrant |
From the mid-20's through the 1930's: Krysin (1968, pp. 85-125) describes the following borrowings of that time in great detail, giving language of origin and date of first citations.
detektiv |
1926 English |
patsifizm |
1928 French |
detektor |
1928 English |
demarsh |
1933 French |
kafeterii |
1929 English |
manikyur |
1933 French |
konteiner |
1932 English |
pedikyur |
1933 French |
biznes |
1933 English |
permanent |
1939 French |
bum |
1933 English |
reportazh |
1933 French |
dzhaz |
1933 English |
agressor |
1939 German |
dzemper |
1933 English |
slalom |
1933 Norwegian |
kokteil' |
1933 English |
sprint |
1933 English |
konveier |
1933English |
tanker |
1933 English |
konverter |
1933 English |
trauler |
1933 English |
kovboi |
1933 English |
tyubing |
1933 English |
ping-pong |
1933 English |
regbi |
1937 English |
sketch |
1933 English |
televizor |
1937 English |
spidometr |
1933 English |
trolleibus |
1937 English |
pulover |
----- English |
teletaip |
1940 English |
metro |
1932-1934 French |
when Moscow subway was being built (pp.98-99) |
garant |
1933 French |
guarantor (p.112) |
eskimo |
------ French |
Eskimo pie ice cream (p.105) |
demping |
1933 English |
dumping goods on a foreign market by underpricing them (p.93) |
spinning |
------ English |
spinning rod (p.102) |
neutron |
1938 English |
neutron discovered by English physicist Chadwick in 1932 (p.99) |
Professor Khazanova shows the extensive the use of foreign words in Russia today, both in business and in daily life, in the form of a humorous story written almost exclusively with Americanisms.
In articles~
a) about the market economy: |
|||
biznes-vuman |
business woman |
menadzher |
manager |
diler |
dealer |
menadzhment |
management |
distrib'yutor |
distributor |
nou-khau |
know-how |
investor |
investor |
profit |
profit |
investitsii |
investment |
vaucher |
voucher |
market |
market |
vorkshop |
workshop |
venchurnoe finansirovanie |
venture financing |
||
b. on political themes: |
|||
brifing |
briefing |
mentalitet |
mentality |
eksklyuzivnyi |
exclusive |
n'yuzmeiker |
newsmaker |
identitet |
identity |
pabliciti |
publicity |
imidzh |
image |
poll |
poll |
istablishment |
establishment |
reiting |
rating |
konsensus |
concensus |
spichraiter |
speechwriter |
lobbi |
lobby |
sponsor |
sponsor |
lobbirovat' |
to lobby |
||
c. from mass culture: |
|||
autysaider |
outsider |
prezentatsiya |
presentation |
baks(y) |
bucks |
rider |
reader |
bilding |
building |
sheiping |
keeping in shape |
biznes-shou |
business show |
shop-tur |
shop tour |
biznes-tur |
business tour |
shoumen |
showman |
dzhoker |
joker |
suitsid |
suicide |
intensiv |
intensive |
super-shou |
supershow |
kheppening |
happening |
tineidzher |
teenager |
nonfikshe |
non-fiction |
tok-shou |
talk show |
performans |
performance |
triler |
thriller |
tutor |
tutor |
a. Business: |
|||
Bemvushka |
BMW-Beamers |
kompyutery |
computers |
biznes |
business |
lazerny printer |
laser printer |
biznesmen |
businessman |
lep-top |
laptop |
biznesmenka |
businesswoman |
konvertatsiya |
conversion |
brokery |
brokers |
lising |
leasing |
buksy |
dollars |
marketing |
marketing |
dilery |
dealers |
menedzhment |
management |
dzhoystiki |
jou sticks |
press rilis |
press release |
floppi |
floppy disks |
softver |
software |
griny |
dollars |
sponsor |
sponsor |
investitsiya |
investment |
vidik |
video-cassette player |
holdingovie kompanii |
holding companies |
tserit' (short for otkseroksirovat') |
to xerox |
imidzh |
image |
||
b. Politics: |
|||
deputaty |
deputies |
oppozitsiya |
opposition |
konfromtatsiya |
confrontation |
parlament |
parliament |
mer |
mayor |
||
c. Culture & daily life |
|||
beisbolka |
baseball cap |
reybany |
Ray-Ban sunglasses |
enkormen |
anchorman |
seksshopsy |
sex shops |
gamburger |
hamburger |
sleksy |
slacks |
d. Phrases |
|
effektivny instrument analiza relevantnogo aspekta |
effective instrument for analyzing the relevant aspects |
situatsiya normaliziruetsya |
the situation is normalizing) |
konfrontatsiya intensifitsiruetsya |
the confrontation is intensifying |
a. Business: |
|||
busines |
business |
kommissioner |
works on commissions |
diler |
dealer |
menedzher |
manager |
franchaizi |
franchisee |
||
b. Politics: |
|||
konsensus |
concensus |
konsolidatsiya |
consolidation |
korruptsiya |
corruption |
plyuralizm |
pluralism |
privatizatsiya |
privatization |
reketmen |
bandit |
c. Culture & daily life: |
askat' |
to beg for money on the street | |
drinkat' vain |
to drink wine | |
khair |
wild, hippie-type hair | |
hich |
to hitch a ride | |
kis |
to kiss | |
leginz |
women's casual pants | |
slipsi |
women's casual pants | |
naitat' |
to spend the night | |
sheping |
keeping in shape | |
shuzi |
fancy sneakers | |
slaksi |
slacks | |
soksi |
socks |